主语和谓语有两种顺序:一是主语在前,叫自然语序。反之,如果谓语在主语前就是倒装语序,又分全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是把全部谓语放在主语之前,部分倒装是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。
一、全部倒装
1.there be 句型: 可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外,还可用 live,happen,exist,remain,stand等等作这类句型的谓语。如: There are many students in the classroom.教室里有许多学生。 Long ,long ago there lived a king who loved horses very much. 很久很久以前,有一位国王,他非常喜欢马。 There happened to be nobody in the bedroom when the fire broke out. 起火的时候,碰巧房间里面没有人。
2.Here/There/Now/then+vi.(常为come,go)+主语(必须是名词) Here comes Mary. → I can see Mary coming.玛丽来了。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。→I can hear the bell ringing. Here comes the bus.汽车来了。 There he comes.他来了。 Then came a new difficulty. 然后产生了一个新的困难。 Then followed eight years of the AntiJapanese War.接着是八年抗战。 这种句型不能用现在进行时。 here句中也可用系动词。如: Here are some story books I want. →Here is what you asked for,or you are looking for.这就是我要的故事书。(我找了好久) Here we are.This is the station.咱们到了,这就是火车站。 “Give me some paper.” “Here you are.”“给我点纸。” “给你。”
3.out,in,up,down,away之类的副词作状语放在句首,主语比较长,也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词,谓语为不及物动词come, go,run ,rush,etc。句式为:副词+vi.+主语(必须是名词)。如: Out rushed the tiger from among the bushes.老虎从灌木丛里冲了出来。 In came the rose fragrance through the windows.玫瑰花香透过窗户飘了进来。
4.介词短语作状语放在句首,谓语为不及物动词,主语比较长,也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为:介词短语+vi.+主语(必须是名词)。如:In the middle of our school stands a high building.在学校中央有一座高楼。
5.表语放在句首,表语常为形容词、分词、副词、介词短语。要求主语比较长,也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为:表语+系动词+主语(必须是名词)。 Gone are the days when the teachers were looked down upon. 老师地位低下的年代一去不复返了
练习:
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——Here ____! Where is Xiao Liu? —— There _________. A. comes the bus,is he B. comes the bus, he is C. the bus comes,is he D. the bus comes,he is
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_____ and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat
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We have to stop talking here outside.Listen,_____!—— Hurry up, or we’ll be late. A.There goes the bell B.There does the bell go C.There the bell goes D.Goes the bell there
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The child tiptoed(翘起脚尖走) quietly to the bird.___ into the forest when he was about to catch it. A.Flew it away B.Away flew it C.Away it flew D.Flew away it
———————————————————————————— 我是答案的分界线~ 参考答案: BCAB
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